Where Form 8865 Acceleration 2023-2024

The Large Hadron Collider is a massive and beautiful piece of human engineering located under the border of France and Switzerland. It is a 27-kilometer particle accelerator and the biggest atom smasher in the world. The LHC was designed and built by thousands of engineers, scientists, and mathematicians with the goal of understanding the incredibly small by smashing particles together. These collisions, also known as smashings, are what scientists are interested in, and they conduct about 30 collisions per turn. Mike Lamont, the Operations Group leader working on the LHC, is responsible for running the accelerator, which involves dealing with beam beams or bunches of protons that fill up the LHC. The two beams in the LHC travel in opposite directions and are made up of bunches of protons, with each bunch containing around a hundred billion protons. These bunches are about 30 centimeters long and have dimensions similar to a millimeter-sized piece of spaghetti. The powerful superconducting magnets in the LHC keep the beams flying at nearly the speed of light to ensure the proton bunches hit each other. As atoms are mostly empty space, getting them to collide is incredibly difficult, so the key is to generate a high rate of collisions, with the LHC aiming for about 800 million collisions per second. Steering the protons and keeping the bunches on track is achieved using dipole and quadrupole magnets, which apply significant force per meter. The collisions that occur inside the LHC are crucial for scientific experiments. These experiments, such as Atlas and CMS, sit on the collision points of the LHC ring and help scientists discover new particles. For example, in 2013, the Higgs boson was detected by the CMS experiment. The collisions produce a mess of particles, which physicists study to understand the inner workings of...